Rosh Psychiatry Board Practice Exam

In diagnosing a persistent mood disorder, which physical examination finding would be particularly relevant?

1. Signs of dehydration

2. Altered hair and nail texture

3. Regular blood pressure readings

4. Presence of acute trauma

The correct answer is: Altered hair and nail texture

In diagnosing a persistent mood disorder, altered hair and nail texture can provide important clues about the patient's overall health and possibly their mental state. Texture changes in hair and nails may be indicative of nutritional deficiencies or other systemic issues that can arise in individuals suffering from chronic mood disorders. For instance, conditions like depression or anxiety may lead to changes in self-care, including nutrition, which can directly impact the health and appearance of hair and nails. Additionally, conditions such as thyroid dysfunction, which can affect mood, may also manifest through changes in hair and nail quality. Therefore, observing altered hair and nail texture can not only support the diagnosis of a mood disorder but also guide the clinician in considering potential underlying medical conditions or exacerbating factors that need to be addressed in the treatment plan. In contrast, while dehydration and blood pressure readings are important in a general medical evaluation, they are not specifically indicative of mood disorders. The presence of acute trauma, although relevant in assessing the context of a patient’s mood, does not directly relate to the persistent aspects of mood disorders being assessed in this scenario.